AI-powered robotic assistive technologies in rehabilitation: global trends, ethical dimensions and human-centred...

The aim of this study is to examine global research trends, the conceptual framework and emerging research themes relating to artificial intelligence (AI)-supported robotic assistive technologies in the field of rehabilitation, through bibliometric and thematic analyses. Furthermore, the study aims to highlight the scientific development of the field and future research directions.

The study examined publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection database between 2002 and 2025. In accordance with the PRISMA-based systematic review process, the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and 644 peer-reviewed articles focusing on AI-supported robotic assistive technologies in rehabilitation were included in the analysis. Bibliometric analyses were conducted using the Bibliometrix (R-Biblioshiny) software; publication trends, keyword co-occurrence networks and international collaboration patterns were evaluated. Thematic mapping and SWOT analysis were applied to determine conceptual development.

The results indicate a marked increase in the number of publications, particularly after 2015. The main focus areas of the research comprise exoskeleton systems, stroke rehabilitation, motor function recovery and machine learning-based motion analysis. In recent years, biosignal-based intent recognition, human-machine interaction and explainable artificial intelligence have emerged as prominent research themes. Furthermore, it has been determined that global research leadership is increasingly shifting towards Asian countries, particularly China.

AI-enabled robotic rehabilitation technologies are evolving from mechanical systems into adaptive and human-centred therapeutic solutions. This development highlights the importance of ethical governance, explainable AI and interdisciplinary collaboration; it also offers strategic insights into the future of rehabilitation technologies.