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Leadership - A n essential objective of professional development in surgery
1Faculty Development and Affairs, and Department of Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Mailstop 1063, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
American Journal of Surgery
|August 6, 2026
Summary
This study highlights the evolution of surgical leadership from authoritarian control to situational influence. It emphasizes developing practical leadership skills through training programs for surgeons.
Area of Science:
- Medical leadership
- Surgical practice
- Organizational behavior
Background:
- Traditional surgical leadership relied on authority and control.
- Modern surgical practice demands situational and influential leadership qualities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review leadership definitions, qualities, styles, and development opportunities for surgeons.
- To guide surgeons in transitioning from theoretical leadership knowledge to practical application.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of leadership theories and surgical practice.
- Analysis of leadership development models.
- Exploration of training program benefits for surgeons.
Main Results:
- Leadership in surgery is shifting towards situational influence.
- Leadership development programs are crucial for practical skill acquisition.
- Surgeons can benefit from moving towards an ontological/phenomenological leadership model.
Conclusions:
- Effective surgical leadership requires adaptable, influential skills.
- Deliberate practice in leadership development programs is key for surgeons.
- Embracing practical leadership fosters consummate leaders in surgery.
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