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Coupled information-epidemic dynamics with emotional thresholds and behavioral regression on multiplex networks
Xunyang Wang1, Ning Wei1, Chunmiao Xu1
1School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
Mathematical Biosciences
|August 6, 2026
Summary
Behavioral fatigue during epidemics can cause secondary outbreaks. A new model shows that managing emotions and social connections can help control pandemic fatigue and suppress epidemic peaks.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Mathematical Modeling
- Social Psychology
Background:
- Public adherence to protective measures wanes during prolonged epidemics due to behavioral fatigue.
- Existing models often overlook the dynamic psychological process of behavioral fatigue.
- Higher-order group interactions are crucial for understanding disease transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel contagion model incorporating behavioral fatigue and higher-order interactions.
- To investigate the impact of an emotion-threshold mechanism on epidemic dynamics.
- To identify key factors for suppressing both initial and secondary epidemic peaks.
Main Methods:
- Developed a coupled Unaware-Positive-Negative-Unaware and Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible (UPNU-SIRS) model.
- Utilized a two-layer multiplex network with 2-simplicial complexes for higher-order interactions.
- Employed the Microscopic Markov Chain Approach and Monte Carlo simulations.
Main Results:
- The emotion-threshold mechanism drives secondary outbreaks and sustains elevated endemic levels.
- Synergy between the emotion-threshold mechanism and higher-order interactions influences bistability and outbreak thresholds.
- Emotional resilience, reduced immunity-weakening effects, and trusted media communication are critical for suppression.
Conclusions:
- Behavioral fatigue and higher-order interactions are fundamental drivers of epidemic persistence.
- The proposed model offers new insights into epidemic dynamics and targeted interventions.
- Strategies enhancing emotional resilience and communication are vital for managing pandemic fatigue.
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