Well Dispersion of Nanoparticles by Surface Modification: Strategies and Biomedical Applications

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Nanoparticles often aggregate in physiological environments, hindering their use in medicine.
• Developing stable nanoparticles is crucial for advancing biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review surface modification strategies for enhancing nanoparticle dispersion stability.
• To explore the biomedical applications of stabilized nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of covalent modification, coordinating modification, and hydrophobic interaction-mediated modification.
• Analysis of how these strategies regulate nanoparticle surface properties.

Main Results:

• Covalent modification creates stable interfaces.
• Coordinating modification improves dispersibility and adds targeting/responsive functions.
• Hydrophobic interaction-mediated modification uses noncovalent self-assembly for dispersion.

Conclusions:

• Surface modification effectively inhibits nanoparticle aggregation.
• Stabilized nanoparticles show promise in biomedical imaging, tumor therapy, and antibacterial treatments.
• Future work should focus on multifunctional synergy, precision, clinical translation, and interdisciplinary integration.