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Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD
Published on: February 1, 2012
Distinct Inflammatory Immune Signature in Acute Mpox Associated With Proctitis
Joanne Byrne1,2, Gurvin Saini1, Alejandro Garcia-Leon1
1Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|August 8, 2026
Summary
Acute mpox (monkeypox virus) shows distinct inflammatory profiles, particularly in those with mucosal disease. Convalescence reveals persistent tissue repair, aiding in risk stratification and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The immunopathogenesis and clinical severity relationship of clade IIb monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection are not well understood.
- Characterizing cytokine responses in acute and convalescent mpox is crucial for defining inflammatory profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate inflammatory profiles in acute and convalescent mpox by quantifying plasma protein biomarkers.
- To explore associations between immune profiles and clinical features of mpox.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter cohort study quantified 45 plasma protein biomarkers in acute mpox, convalescent mpox, and control groups.
- Principal component analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified immune profiles.
- Logistic regression explored associations with clinical features.
Main Results:
- Three immune clusters were identified in acute mpox; one showed broad inflammation associated with mucosal involvement (OR, 7.85; P = .048).
- Convalescent mpox did not show distinct clustering but revealed persistent low-grade immune activation and tissue-remodeling signatures.
- Vaccination status was noted in participants but did not appear to be a primary differentiator in the identified clusters.
Conclusions:
- Acute clade IIb mpox presents distinct inflammatory profiles, with systemic inflammation linked to mucosal disease.
- Convalescence is characterized by partial resolution alongside persistent tissue repair activity.
- Identified inflammatory and tissue repair pathways may inform risk stratification and targeted therapeutic interventions for mpox.
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