Health and Wellness Coaching in COPD: An Integrative Review

Area of Science:

• Health Psychology
• Behavioral Medicine
• Respiratory Medicine

Background:

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) significantly impacts patient quality of life.
• Health and Wellness Coaching (HWC) is an emerging intervention for managing chronic conditions.
• Self-Determination Theory (SDT) provides a framework for understanding patient motivation and behavior change.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize HWC interventions for COPD using SDT.
• To map HWC components to SDT constructs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
• To identify effective HWC strategies for improving COPD patient quality of life.

Main Methods:

• Integrative review of 17 studies (2009-2022) on HWC for adult COPD patients.
• Searched five major databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, HAdA, PsycINFO).
• Used SDT for data extraction and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for quality assessment.

Main Results:

• Ten distinct HWC interventions were analyzed.
• Eight studies reported positive quality of life (QOL) outcomes, all utilizing Motivational Interviewing (MI).
• Interventions addressing psychological barriers (e.g., anxiety, depression) and using MI were more effective.

Conclusions:

• Effective HWC for COPD enhances autonomy via MI-informed goal-setting.
• Competence is built by addressing psychological barriers and providing disease education/skills.
• Relatedness is fostered through empathic coach-patient relationships.