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Association Between Objective and Subjective Indoor Coldness During Winter and Presenteeism: A Cross-Sectional Study
Yuma Uchida1, Wataru Umishio2, Shintaro Ando3
1.Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
Objective:
To investigate the associations of room temperature (objective coldness) and the frequency of feeling cold (subjective coldness) with presenteeism.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study analyzed 2,568 Japanese workers (1,735 households). Room temperature was measured for two weeks in winter. The frequency of feeling cold was assessed using a four-point scale. Presenteeism was evaluated using the Work Functioning Impairment Scale (WFun). Generalized linear models adjusted for age, sex and other confounders.
Results:
Lower room temperature (p = 0.032) and a higher frequency of feeling cold (p < 0.001) were associated with presenteeism. However, in a simultaneous model, only the frequency of feeling cold remained significantly associated, demonstrating a dose-response relationship.
Conclusions:
Both objective and subjective indoor coldness are associated with work functioning impairment, with the subjective perception demonstrating a robust association even after adjusting for temperature.
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