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A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Myopia Management Practices Among Eye Care Practitioners in China
Jong Mei Khew1,2,3, Mohd Zaki Awg Isa4,5, Monica Jong6,7
1Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Management and Science University, 4, Persiaran Olahraga, Section 13, 40000, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. jongmeikhew@gmail.com.
Introduction:
Myopia management in China has expanded rapidly, largely driven by government initiatives to address the escalating myopia burden. Despite the availability of multiple interventions, practitioners face challenges in practicing myopia management due to the heterogeneity in practitioner training, practice settings, and geographical locations. A systematic, standardized, evidence-based practice would enhance myopia management practice. This study explored the perceptions of myopia management practices among practitioners in diverse practice settings and geographical locations within China. It compared the perspectives of optometrists and ophthalmologists on myopia management and how the identified barriers can be addressed.
Methods:
Mixed-method research combining qualitative and quantitative approaches was employed in this study. Stage 1 qualitative study involved face-to-face semistructured interviews with 37 practitioners (27 optometrists and 10 ophthalmologists). Stage 2 involved a quantitative survey of 500 practitioners (401 optometrists, 99 ophthalmologists). Logistic regression models were used to explore possible differences between the perceived barriers.
Results:
The stage 1 analysis identified common barriers, including limited public awareness, treatment costs, poor compliance, and unpredictable clinical outcomes. Stage 2 validated these themes, emphasizing low public awareness, high treatment costs, lack of compliance, unpredictable outcomes, and excessive product availability. Significant geographical and practice-setting differences were evident, particularly in clinical guidance, commercialization, and instrument costs. Myopia control spectacles were most preferred and considered as the most effective treatment option.
Conclusions:
This study concluded that effective myopia management practice in China necessitates improvements in public education, addressing treatment costs, enhancing patient compliance, managing unpredictable clinical outcomes, promoting a patient-centered approach, and expanding continuing education. Addressing these issues is crucial in delivering effective, accessible, and standardized myopia management care in different geographical locations and practice settings.
