Core-shell microsphere structure stimulation: Effects on cell behavior and collagen synthesis for regenerative...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• The regenerative process is time-dependent and relies on implant material stimulation.
• Core-shell microspheres offer strategies for manipulating cell contact sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prepare and evaluate core-shell microspheres with varying hydrophilic/hydrophobic configurations for promoting cell behavior.
• To investigate the impact of PCL@AG microspheres on fibroblast collagen synthesis and inflammatory response.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of six types of core-shell microspheres (PCL@AG, PCL@CS, PCL@Alg, AG@PCL, CS@PCL, Alg@PCL).
• In vitro cytotoxicity and cell viability assays.
• Assessment of cell migration, collagen synthesis (COL1A1, COL3A1), COX-2, and IL-6 expression.
• Microfluidic chip observation of fibroblast behavior on microspheres.

Main Results:

• PCL@AG microspheres (26.97 μm) showed high formation probability (88.21%) and slow degradation.
• Hydrophobic PCL shell/hydrophilic core microspheres significantly enhanced cell viability (106.55%-156.59%) and migration.
• PCL@AG treatment boosted type I and III collagen synthesis and COX-2 expression while maintaining low IL-6 levels.
• Fibroblast 3D encapsulation mimicking ECM scaffolds was observed on PCL@AG microspheres.

Conclusions:

• Core-shell microspheres with a PCL shell and hydrophilic core effectively regulate fibroblast behavior.
• The PCL shell provides initial stimulation for cell proliferation, while the hydrophilic core ensures continuous stimulation for collagen synthesis.
• This approach supports tissue regeneration with controlled inflammation and mimics natural extracellular matrix scaffolds.