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Comprehensive Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and
Shooka Mohammadi1, Andrea Palermo2, Pantea Ojani3
1Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Nutrients
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Magnesium supplementation shows modest benefits for cardiometabolic risk factors, improving weight, blood pressure, and lipid and glucose levels. Further research is needed for higher doses and longer durations to confirm clinical relevance.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- Inconsistent evidence exists on magnesium's impact on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs).
- This study addresses the need for a comprehensive analysis of magnesium supplementation effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and conduct a dose-response meta-analysis on magnesium supplementation's effects on CMRFs.
- To evaluate impacts on anthropometric indices, liver/kidney function, lipid/glycemic profiles, blood pressure, and inflammatory biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of electronic databases up to May 2026.
- Inclusion of 78 eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Dose-response meta-analysis to assess magnesium's impact on various health markers.
Main Results:
- Significant reductions observed in body weight, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), LDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, and IL-6.
- Significant increase noted in HDL cholesterol.
- No significant effects on hip/waist circumference, BMI, body fat percentage, liver enzymes (AST, ALT), kidney function (creatinine), total cholesterol, fasting insulin, or TNF-α and CRP.
Conclusions:
- Magnesium supplementation demonstrates significant, albeit modest, improvements in several CMRFs.
- Further investigation into higher-dose and longer-term magnesium interventions is warranted.
- The clinical relevance of observed effects requires further clarification due to variable evidence certainty.
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