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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CONGENITAL FOOT ANOMALIES IN THE STATE OF BAHIA FROM 2014 TO 2022
Jaqueline Nogueira Dos Santos1, Rafael Pedrosa Braga1, Adan Araújo Marques2
1Hospital Regional de Santo Antonio de Jesus (HRSAJ), Santo Antonio de Jesus, BA, Brazil.
Acta Ortopedica Brasileira
|August 13, 2026
Summary
Congenital foot deformities affect 0.77 per 1,000 births in Bahia, Brazil. Male infants, those born to mothers with less education, and premature infants face higher risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Congenital foot abnormalities represent a significant public health concern.
- Understanding their epidemiological profile is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiological profile of congenital foot abnormalities.
- To identify associated factors in births within Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS).
Main Methods:
- Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study.
- Utilized secondary data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) (2014-2022).
- Analyzed data from the State of Bahia, Brazil, identifying malformations via ICD-10 codes.
Main Results:
- A total of 1,364 cases of congenital foot deformities were recorded among 1,765,439 births.
- The incidence rate was 0.77 cases per 1,000 live births.
- Significant associations found with male sex, maternal education <8 years, gestational age 22-27 weeks, cesarean section, and low Apgar scores.
Conclusions:
- Male sex, lower maternal education, prematurity, cesarean delivery, and low Apgar scores are associated with congenital foot malformations.
- These findings highlight key risk factors for congenital foot deformities.
- Further research can inform preventative strategies and clinical management.
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