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Hydrogen-Bond Enabled Phosphite Based Intrinsic Flame-Retardant Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials Using
Changhui Liu1, Guangyuan Liang1, Yuanzheng Liu1
1School of Low-carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|August 13, 2026
Summary
This study introduces novel flame-retardant, non-leaking solid-solid phase change materials. These materials significantly enhance lithium-ion battery safety and thermal energy storage performance.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Organic phase change materials (PCMs) face limitations in leakage and flammability, hindering their practical application.
- Developing safe and efficient PCMs is crucial for advanced thermal management systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, intrinsically flame-retardant, and non-leaking solid-solid phase change material.
- To address the critical safety issues of leakage and flammability in organic PCMs.
Main Methods:
- A facile, catalyst/solvent-free multicomponent reaction involving alcohols/amines/thiols, dimethyl phosphite, and benzaldehyde.
- Characterization of material properties including phase change behavior, thermal stability, and flame retardancy.
- Evaluation of performance in battery thermal management and through cone calorimeter tests.
Main Results:
- The synthesized material exhibits intrinsic flame retardancy due to terminal phosphite groups and prevents leakage via intermolecular P═O interactions.
- Quantitative yields were achieved under catalyst-free conditions, with performance increasing from alcohols to thiols.
- Battery thermal management tests showed a 140% extension in safe operation time for lithium-ion batteries.
- Cone calorimeter tests demonstrated significant reductions in heat release rate, total heat release, and oxygen consumption, along with a 14s ignition delay.
Conclusions:
- The developed solid-solid phase change material effectively overcomes the limitations of leakage and flammability in organic PCMs.
- The material offers excellent flame retardancy and favorable thermal energy storage capacity (133.87 J/g).
- This innovation significantly enhances the safety and operational lifespan of lithium-ion batteries.
