Neuromuscular determinants of rowing performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Olympic rowing requires high endurance and neuromuscular capabilities.
• Limited evidence exists on the specific relationship between strength measures and rowing performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between neuromuscular strength measures and rowing ergometer performance.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus).
• Inclusion of 11 studies from 1,435 identified.
• Meta-analyses performed for strength exercises in ≥3 studies.

Main Results:

• Strong correlations found between maximal strength (leg press/back squat, bench pull) and rowing performance (r = -0.71 to -0.72).
• Significant positive associations between explosive strength and rowing power (r = 0.29-0.86).
• Maximal and explosive strength identified as key predictors of rowing performance, explaining up to 97.5%.

Conclusions:

• Provides robust evidence linking maximal and explosive strength to rowing ergometer performance.
• Suggests targeted strength training interventions can optimize rowing performance.
• Recommends future research on race-phase specific demands and stroke-specific neuromuscular requirements.