Lactoferrin as a Novel Therapeutic Agent in Dermatology: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

LTF is a multifunctional natural glycoprotein with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. These biological activities have led to growing interest in its potential applications in dermatology. This review summarizes current evidence on the role of LTF in melanoma, acne, psoriasis, wound healing, and related inflammatory skin disorders. Available studies suggest that LTF may regulate microbial colonization, inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, immune responses, apoptosis, and tissue repair. However, current evidence is derived mainly from in vitro studies and animal models, while clinical evidence remains limited. Although LTF shows promise as a therapeutic or adjunctive agent, important challenges include incomplete mechanistic understanding, heterogeneity across studies, and the lack of standardized formulations and dosing strategies. Future research should prioritize mechanistic clarification and well-designed clinical trials to support the translational development of LTF in skin diseases.