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Racial, Socioeconomic, and Comorbidity-Associated Disparities in Acute Pancreatitis

Qilin Cao1, Shady Barsoom2, Aziz M Merchant3

  • 1Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|August 14, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Racial and socioeconomic factors significantly impact acute pancreatitis (AP) causes and outcomes. Identifying at-risk groups is crucial for targeted interventions to reduce disparities in AP.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Health Services Research
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Acute pancreatitis (AP) presents a substantial medical and financial burden in the US.
  • Despite treatment advancements, significant disparities in AP etiology and outcomes persist across racial, income, and insurance groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the associations between race, socioeconomic factors, and AP etiologies and outcomes.
  • To evaluate the relationship between comorbidities and adverse AP outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2015-2020).
  • Stratification of AP etiology (idiopathic, biliary, alcohol-induced, drug-induced).
  • Utilized SPSS for demographic analysis and logistic regression; SAS for comorbidity analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant racial and socioeconomic differences in AP etiologies observed: Black and Medicaid patients showed higher rates of alcohol-induced AP; Hispanic individuals had higher rates of biliary AP.
  • Variations in AP outcomes including mortality, length of stay, and ICU admission were noted.
  • Comorbidities like congestive heart failure and pulmonary circulation disorders correlated with outcome variations.

Conclusions:

  • Observed demographic disparities underscore the necessity for early identification of vulnerable populations susceptible to AP complications.
  • Further research is required to elucidate underlying factors and develop targeted interventions for AP.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute pancreatitisRacial disparitySocioeconomic disparity

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