ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LIFESTYLE CLINIC INTERVENTIONS ON CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Z Althumali1, J Khouja2, R Alnemari3
11Preventive Medicine and Public Health, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
A lifestyle clinic intervention in Saudi Arabia improved BMI and cholesterol levels in adults with cardiometabolic risk factors over six months. The program also supported smoking cessation, highlighting its value in managing metabolic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiometabolic disorders (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity) pose a significant global health challenge.
- Evidence on lifestyle interventions in Saudi Arabia's clinical settings is limited.
- Addressing these conditions is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a comprehensive lifestyle clinic intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors.
- To evaluate changes in BMI, blood pressure, HbA1c, and cholesterol over six months.
- To determine the effectiveness of lifestyle programs in a Saudi Arabian adult population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 281 participants at a Saudi Arabian lifestyle clinic.
- Analysis of metabolic and smoking cessation cohorts using linear mixed-effects models and GEE.
- Longitudinal assessment of BMI, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, and total cholesterol at baseline, 3, and 6 months.
Main Results:
- Significant reductions observed in BMI (-0.92 kg/m²) and total cholesterol (-0.25 mmol/L) at 6 months.
- 24.1% of active smokers at baseline successfully quit smoking by 6 months.
- No significant changes were noted in systolic blood pressure or HbA1c levels.
Conclusions:
- A structured lifestyle clinic program improved BMI and lipid profiles in Saudi adults.
- These findings support integrating lifestyle programs into routine care to combat metabolic diseases.
- Lifestyle interventions show promise in managing cardiometabolic risk factors in Saudi Arabia.
Background:
Cardiometabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity, represent a significant global health burden. While lifestyle interventions are recommended, evidence from real-world clinical settings in Saudi Arabia remains limited.
Objective:
To evaluate the association between participation in a comprehensive lifestyle clinic intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors among adult patients in Saudi Arabia over a six-month period.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 281 participants enrolled at the Lifestyle Clinic of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah. Participants were categorized into metabolic (n=137) and smoking cessation (n=144) cohorts. Longitudinal changes in BMI, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, and total cholesterol were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months using linear mixed-effects models. Smoking cessation outcomes were evaluated using generalized estimating equations.
Results:
At 6 months, participants demonstrated significant reductions in BMI (-0.92 kg/m², 95% CI -1.79 to -0.05; p=0.036) and total cholesterol (-0.25 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.03; p=0.022) in adjusted analyses. Among active smokers at baseline, 24.1% had quit smoking at 6 months. No significant changes were observed in systolic blood pressure or HbA1c levels.
Conclusion:
Participation in a structured lifestyle clinic program was associated with improvements in BMI and lipid profile among Saudi adults with cardiometabolic risk factors over 6 months. These findings support the potential role of comprehensive lifestyle programs in routine clinical practice to address the growing burden of metabolic diseases in Saudi Arabia.
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