[Translational Research in Brain Tumors:Development towards Integrated Precision Medicine]

Translational research on malignant brain tumors provide a bidirectional framework that links basic science with clinical practice to advance precision medicine. Despite progress in surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and molecular classification, outcomes remain poor, particularly for diffuse high-grade gliomas, because of treatment resistance, intratumoral heterogeneity, and the limited clinical implementation of molecular insights. Recent advances have highlighted the value of integrating intraoperative molecular diagnostics, molecular imaging, and patient-derived models into a unified translational platform. Rapid intraoperative assessment of key molecular alterations can support real-time surgical and therapeutic decision-making. Molecular imaging, including amino acid and hypoxia PET, enables the noninvasive evaluation of tumor biology and spatial heterogeneity. Patient-derived xenograft models and primary cultured cells retain tumor-specific molecular and phenotypic characteristics, enabling functional analyses of drug sensitivity, resistance mechanisms, and potential therapeutic strategies. Together, these approaches establish a multidimensional precision-medicine framework that integrates temporal, spatial, and functional information. Continued progress will require progress close collaboration across medicine, basic science, and data science, supported by systems that efficiently translate research findings back into clinical care. This integrated strategy is poised to accelerate the development of more effective personalized therapies for malignant brain tumors.