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Association between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and cervical cancer: A population-based cross-sectional study
Maozhu Lang1, Le Dang1, Shuwen Zhang1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Women's Health and Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Objective:
To explore the association between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and cervical cancer (CC) among US women.
Methods:
In this population-based cross-sectional study, participants were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2018). CDAI was assessed using dietary antioxidants from a 24-h dietary recall. CC survivors were identified through a questionnaire. The association between CDAI and CC prevalence was determined using weighted logistic regression. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to evaluate the linear association between CDAI and CC prevalence. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore the robustness and reliability of the results.
Results:
Among the 1,044 participants included in this analysis, 174 reported a history of CC and 870 were matched controls. Participants with CC were more likely to smoke, be obese, and live alone than those without CC (all P < 0.05). In the fully adjusted weighted logistic regression model, each one-unit increase in CDAI was associated with a 11.4% lower prevalence of CC among all participants (odds ratio [OR], 0.886 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.819-0.958]; P = 0.003). Participants in the highest CDAI tertile had a 55.8% lower prevalence of CC than those in the lowest tertile (OR, 0.442 [95% CI, 0.245-0.797]; P = 0.007). RCS analysis indicated a linear inverse association between CDAI and the prevalence of CC (P for overall = 0.012; P for nonlinearity = 0.798). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between CDAI and CC was generally consistent among subgroups, with no significant interactions observed (all P for interaction >0.05).
Conclusion:
CDAI was significantly inversely associated with the prevalence of the CC. These findings suggest that dietary antioxidant intake may play a potential role in the prevention of CC. However, further prospective studies are needed to confirm this association and clarify the underlying mechanisms.
