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Primary intervention with hypermetropic spectacles: Factors influencing improvement in esotropia

Anupam Sahu1, Khushboo Dewangan2, Deepshikha Agrawal3

  • 1Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Services, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|August 24, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Intermittent esotropia and higher refractive error predict successful motor alignment in hyperopic children treated with single vision spectacles. This finding aids in predicting treatment outcomes for esotropia.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Strabismus Research

Background:

  • Esotropia is a common childhood eye misalignment.
  • Hypermetropia often accompanies esotropia in children.
  • Predicting treatment success for esotropia is crucial for visual development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify initial clinical predictors for achieving motor alignment in hyperopic children with esotropia using spectacles.
  • To assess the efficacy of single vision spectacles in correcting esotropia.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective case series analysis of 38 children (6 months to 13 years) with esotropia.
  • Outcome defined as distance deviation <10 prism diopters with prescribed spectacles.
  • Logistic regression used to analyze predictor variables.

Main Results:

  • Intermittent esotropia and higher refractive error were significant predictors of successful motor alignment (P=0.028, P=0.029).
  • Intermittent deviation increased the odds of successful outcome with spectacles alone by 5.5 times (P=0.039).

Conclusions:

  • Intermittent deviation is a significant positive predictor for successful motor alignment with spectacles alone in hyperopic esotropic children.
  • Clinical factors at initial examination can help predict spectacle-based treatment success for pediatric esotropia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Accommodationaccommodative esotropiaesotropiaspectaclesstrabismus

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