Hereditary Prostate Cancer Risk Management: An Evidence-Based Summary to Inform Nursing Practice

To identify, appraise, and synthesize the best available evidence on hereditary prostate cancer risk management to inform nursing practice.

This evidence summary utilized the standard evidence summary report of Fudan University Center for Evidence-based Nursing, which includes problem establishment, literature retrieval, quality evaluation of the literature, evidence synthesis and grading. Current literatures were systematically searched for the best evidence for the management of genetic risk in prostate cancer in major clinical decision support systems, guideline repositories, systematic review databases, and English and Chinese bibliographic databases from May 2019 to May 2025. Methodological quality was independently appraised by two researchers using AGREE II, JBI critical appraisal tools, and AMSTAR-2 as appropriate. Evidence was synthesized narratively according to JBI evidence summary principles, and recommendation strength was graded using the JBI evidence pre-appraisal and recommendation framework. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer.

A total of 23 publications were included, comprising 4 clinical decision support resources, 10 clinical practice guidelines, 8 expert consensus statements, and 1 systematic review. Thirty-five evidence-based statements were synthesized across 10 key domains: Provision of whole-stage genetic counseling, Purpose of Genetic Testing, Target population for genetic testing, Timing of genetic testing, Testing Methodology of Genetic Testing, Recommended genes associated with prostate cancer for testing, Classification of Genetic Testing Results, Management of Patients with Positive, Negative, or VUS Genetic Test Results and Their Families, Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer, Prostate Cancer Screening Recommendations.

This evidence-based summary translates predominantly medical and genetic evidence into a nursing-oriented, continuous, and family-centered risk management framework. It identifies key nursing intervention points in family history assessment, pre-test education, genetic counseling referral, result interpretation support, VUS follow-up, cascade screening, psychosocial support, and long-term coordination for individuals and families at increased hereditary risk for prostate cancer.