Linking atomic ordering in CoPt to CH₄ activation in dry reforming of methane

The dry reforming of methane (DRM) converts two major greenhouse gases, CH₄ and CO₂, into a synthesis gas (H₂ and CO). Bimetallic DRM catalysts, such as CoPt catalysts, offer structural and electronic tunability and, in turn, potentially a higher product formation rate than monometallic systems. Bimetallic systems can occur as random or ordered alloys (intermetallics), yet it is currently unclear to what extent atomic ordering can affect the intrinsic DRM kinetics. Here, we investigate the structural dynamics of CoPt nanoparticles for DRM using operando X-ray diffraction coupled with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XRD-XAS), and correlate our structural findings with the observed kinetics. Under DRM conditions, the intermetallic L1₀-CoPt phase is stable at 700 °C, whereas a random alloy phase dominates at 800 °C. Kinetic analysis of CH₄ activation reveals a change in the apparent activation energy around this structural transition, i.e., a higher apparent activation energy for the disordered structure, and a lower apparent activation energy for the ordered intermetallic phase. These results provide evidence that the DRM activity of the bimetallic CoPt system is structure-sensitive; a high degree of atomic ordering enhances CH₄ activation.