Cetylpyridinium chloride-montmorillonite-based antimicrobial denture adhesive

This study evaluates the antimicrobial properties, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-release behavior, and performance of a denture adhesive incorporating 0.1 wt% CPC-montmorillonite (Mont). CPC release is quantified using high‑performance liquid chromatography through time-dependent and accelerated elution tests. Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus is evaluated under non-swelling and tenfold-diluted swelling conditions. Suitability as an antimicrobial denture adhesive is assessed following the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) T 6525‑1:2025. Accelerated elution produces significantly greater CPC release than time-dependent elution. Antimicrobial activity (R>2) is observed against all microorganisms under both conditions. The pH, washability, and adhesion performance meet the standards at both the initial and 3-month time points. Microbial contamination remains below 10 CFU/g. The CPC-Mont adhesive exhibits controlled CPC release, sustained antimicrobial activity, acceptable physical performance, and standard compliance, indicating its potential as an effective antimicrobial denture adhesive.