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Blood Pressure and Systemic Risk Factors in Patients Presenting With Post-Extraction and Periodontal Bleeding at a
Yosuke Iijima1, Miki Yamada1, Shunsuke Hino1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.
Objective:
This study aimed to verify whether blood pressure was higher in patients presenting to the dental out-of-hours clinic with post-extraction bleeding (PEB) and periodontal disease-related gingival bleeding (PDB) compared to those presenting for other conditions (Control (C) group). Additionally, we examined differences in the prevalence of hypertension, antithrombotic use, and diabetes mellitus among the PEB, PDB, and C groups.
Materials And Methods:
Patients visiting the out-of-hours clinic were retrospectively categorized by sex and age (young (Y)-group: 20-39, middle (M)-group: 40-59, older (O)-group: ≥ 60). Data collected included systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, and the prevalence of treated hypertension, antithrombotic use, and diabetes mellitus. Mean BP values were compared using Welch's t-test. The prevalence of systemic factors was compared using Fisher's exact test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed in the O-group.
Results:
A total of 416 bleeding patients were included, comprising 216 patients with PEB, 119 with PDB, and 81 with other bleeding. Because of the limited number of cases in the Y and M-groups, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed only in the O-group (≥ 60 years). According to that, antithrombotic use was independently associated with both PDB and PEB in males and females. Increased SBP was independently associated with PDB in both sexes and with PEB in males. Hypertension remained independently associated with PDB only in females, whereas diabetes mellitus was not independently associated with either bleeding condition.
Conclusion:
Particularly among the O-group (≥ 60 years), antithrombotic use was independently associated with both PDB and PEB, whereas increased systolic blood pressure was independently associated with PDB and, to a lesser extent, PEB. These findings highlight the importance of systemic assessment, particularly regarding blood pressure and antithrombotic therapy, in patients presenting with acute oral bleeding.
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