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Updated: Sep 5, 2026

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
Published on: September 27, 2024
Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer, including Early Onset
Swati Patel1, Robin B Mendelsohn2
1Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, York Avenue, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises from genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Recognizing these risks helps clinicians identify high-risk patients and guide prevention. Risk factors are grouped as nonmodifiable (age, family history, race/ethnicity, prior abdominal/pelvic radiation, or inflammatory bowel disease) and modifiable (obesity, diet, inactivity, alcohol, or tobacco). The growing incidence of early-onset CRC (diagnosed before 50) is a particular concern and highlighted throughout this section.
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