Current progress and future prospects of chlorin e6 (Ce6) as a therapeutic agent

Traditional cancer treatment approaches can have serious side effects and significant therapeutic limits. Because photodynamic therapy is effective against a variety of cancer types and has few side effects, it has changed the course of cancer research. Photodynamic therapy is a localized, noninvasive treatment. The essential element of photodynamic therapy (PDT), which produces cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that are harmful to cancer cells, is a photosensitizer. A lot of work has gone into finding the perfect photosensitizer, since PDT's therapeutic efficacy largely depends on it. Chlorin e6, a second-generation photosensitizer with FDA approval that meets the clinical requirements for PDT, is the most widely used. It is well known for its strong anticancer activity across many cancer types and its high capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study examines the therapeutic potential, research status, and obstacles associated with the clinical use of Ce6.