Crisis responders' perspectives on animal-assisted crisis response in acute trauma settings: a qualitative study

Animal-Assisted Crisis Response (AACR) is used to provide immediate psychosocial support following traumatic events, yet limited qualitative research has examined how crisis responders understand its role in acute trauma settings. This study explored responders' perspectives on the relational, emotional, and operational dimensions of AACR.

Semi-structured interviews and demographic questionnaires were completed with 21 crisis responders involved in acute trauma response. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis supported by ATLAS.ti.

Four themes were identified. Participants described AACR as facilitating relational and non-verbal engagement, emotional regulation, grounding, and perceived safety. They also reported that AACR could influence the emotional and interpersonal dynamics of trauma scenes and support responders and bystanders. Implementation was shaped by cultural attitudes toward dogs, scene conditions, organisational requirements, handler preparedness, and animal welfare considerations.

The findings provide qualitative insight into how crisis responders perceive AACR within acute trauma settings. AACR was described as a potentially valuable component of psychosocial crisis response, particularly when verbal engagement is difficult. Further research should examine survivor experiences, culturally responsive implementation, responder well-being, animal welfare, and the conditions under which AACR may be appropriate.