An account on N-glycoconjugated probes in chemosensing

Chemosensors for ions and neutral analytes have found extensive applications across diverse fields, including biology, physiology, pharmacology, and environmental science. In recent years, they have played a crucial role in the precise detection of metal ions, anions, small molecules, etc., due to their high specificity, cost-effectiveness, rapid response, capability for naked-eye detection, and low detection limits. Despite significant advancements, key challenges, such as poor water solubility and limited selectivity, remain unresolved. In this context, glycoconjugates offer a promising approach for the design of environment friendly precursor molecules. This review provides a concise overview of N-glycoconjugate-based fluorometric and colourimetric chemosensors developed for the recognition of various analytes. It highlights their unique potential for visualising biological processes with high sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, the review summarises recent structural modifications and molecular engineering strategies aimed at improving sensor performance.