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Updated: Sep 16, 2026
A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
Published on: June 4, 2017
Allergen extract-based sensitization patterns in mono-sensitized versus multi-sensitized patients with allergic
Yuqiao Zhang1,2, Peng Liu1,2, Fengxia Yang2
1The Second Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
Background:
Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and multi-sensitization experience more severe symptoms and a higher risk of asthma complications compared to those with mono-sensitization. Allergen proportion is closely linked to geographical distribution, yet detailed profiles of multi-sensitized AR patients in Ningxia, China, remain underexplored.
Objective:
To investigate the distribution of inhaled allergens and associated factors in multi-sensitized AR patients in Ningxia, providing a data foundation for individualized treatment.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis included 1,180 AR patients diagnosed at Yinchuan First People's Hospital (January 2018-August 2022) who underwent serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) testing. After excluding 70 patients who tested negative for all 10 inhalant allergens, 1,110 patients with at least one positive inhalant allergen were analyzed. Among them, 826 patients with ≥2 positive inhalant allergens (multi-sensitized group) and 284 with a single positive inhalant allergen (mono-sensitized group) were compared.
Results:
(1) 74.4% (826/1,110) of sensitized AR patients had multi-sensitization. (2) The predominant inhaled allergens were mugwort (74.1%), ragweed (54.7%), and tree mix (49.2%). (3) The top allergens by mean sIgE intensity were mugwort (3.65), cat dander (3.06), and house dust (3.00). (4) Multi-sensitization was significantly associated with age (χ 2 = 116.032, P < 0.001), food allergy comorbidity (χ 2 = 107.622, P < 0.001), season of consultation (χ 2 = 58.475, P < 0.001), COVID-19 pandemic period (χ 2 = 85.513, P < 0.001), and ethnicity (χ 2 = 64.627, P < 0.001). Post-COVID-19, the proportion of multi-sensitization decreased from 80.0% to 55.2%.
Conclusions:
Pollen allergens, particularly mugwort, are the most common triggers for multi-sensitized AR patients in Ningxia, demonstrating distinct regional and demographic patterns. Comprehensive allergen testing, local pollen monitoring, and exposure reduction are crucial for managing this high-risk subgroup.
