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Turkish Validity, Reliability, and Psychometric Analysis of the Pediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the
Introduction:
This study aimed to adapt the Pediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the emergency department into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties among pediatric emergency nurses in Turkey.
Methods:
This methodological and cross-sectional study was conducted with 169 nurses working in pediatric emergency departments across Turkey. Linguistic adaptation was performed using forward-backward translation. Content validity was assessed by an expert panel using the content validity index. Face validity was evaluated through a pilot study. The psychometric properties of the Turkish version were examined using Partial least squares structural equation modeling. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, rho A, and composite reliability coefficients. Convergent validity was evaluated through factor loadings and average variance extracted, whereas discriminant validity was examined using the Fornell-Larcker criterion and the heterotrait-monotrait ratio. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a subgroup of 30 participants using intraclass correlation coefficients.
Results:
The Turkish version of the Pediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the emergency department retained the original 6-factor structure but was reduced from 28 to 22 items after psychometric evaluation. Factor loadings ranged from 0.700 to 0.914, average variance extracted values ranged from 0.592 to 0.781, and all reliability coefficients exceeded 0.70. The Fornell-Larcker criterion and heterotrait-monotrait values supported discriminant validity. Test-retest analyses demonstrated excellent temporal stability, with intraclass correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.936 to 0.997.
Discussion:
The Turkish Pediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the emergency department is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing pediatric emergency nurses' perceptions of child-friendly care, providing a robust framework for both clinical evaluation and future research in pediatric emergency nursing. The Pediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the emergency department may contribute to improving clinical awareness of child-friendly care dimensions and guide the development of targeted educational and institutional strategies in emergency departments.