[Neoadjuvant treatment of MMR-proficient rectal cancer : Focus on cancer of the middle and lower third segments]

The chapter on "neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer" of the new level-3 guideline colorectal cancer from September 2025 describes treatment corridors for rectal cancer with different risks for local recurrence and metachronous distant metastasis. A tailored concept must be worked out in the local tumor board taking functional aspects and patient preference into consideration. A continuous monitoring of the patient must be ensured particularly for the watch and wait concept. Further study results are necessary to enable a more precise patient selection.