Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 1, 2026
Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Anterior Interosseus Nerve Syndrome Masqueraded by a Functional Gantzer Muscle Variant: A Report of 3 Cases
Cristian Escalera1, Kartik Reddy1, Darryl B Sneag2
1Center for Brachial Plexus and Traumatic Nerve Injury, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
Case:
We present 3 patients with anterior interosseous nerve syndrome (AINS) who demonstrated thumb interphalangeal flexion despite complete denervation of the flexor pollicis longus. Advanced imaging revealed a Gantzer muscle in all cases that was confirmed at surgery in the 2 patients who required microneurolysis.
Conclusion:
In patients with suspected AINS, retention of thumb IP flexion should prompt suspicion for a Gantzer muscle. Preservation or return of thumb flexion does not rule out AINS nor indicate recovery.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
01:14Cranial Nerves: Types Part I
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
01:26Muscles of the Anterior Neck