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Home-Based Opportunities and Self-Determination in Youth: When Intellectual Disability Shapes the Impact of Context
Araceli Arellano1, Cristina Cañete-Massé2, Clara Andrés-Gárriz3
1Faculty of Psychology and Education, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Background:
Home is a key context to foster self-determination. This study examined whether intellectual disability moderates the relationship between home-based opportunities to engage in self-determined actions and self-determination levels.
Method:
Middle and high school students with and without intellectual disabilities (aged 13-22) completed the AIR-S questionnaire, which evaluates self-determination capacity and opportunities at home. A moderation model was used to examine the relationship between home opportunities and self-determination, as well as the moderating role of intellectual disability.
Results:
A positive association was found between home-based opportunities and self-determination. Although intellectual disability was not a significant direct predictor of self-determination, once opportunities were considered, it significantly moderated this relationship, indicating that the positive association between opportunities at home and self-determination became progressively stronger as levels of intellectual disability increased.
Conclusions:
Home-based opportunities play a critical role in fostering self-determination. Intellectual disability conditions how strongly supportive environments translate into self-determined actions.
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