Quantization-Aware Hybrid Anti-Interference Receiver for Partially Connected Arrays with Low-Resolution ADCs

Partially connected hybrid analog-digital beamforming architectures substantially reduce the hardware cost and power dissipation of massive antenna arrays by routing multiple antenna elements to a single radio-frequency (RF) chain. In contested or dense electromagnetic environments, however, strong directional interference entering low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) increases signal-dependent quantization distortion and can exceed the converter range if gain control is inadequate. To overcome this fundamental bottleneck, this paper develops a quantization-aware hybrid anti-interference receiver for partially connected architectures constrained by finite-resolution phase shifters and low-bit ADCs. The proposed receiver operates in three coordinated stages. In the spatial sensing stage, the receiver sequentially applies multiple pseudo-random analog combining configurations to collect compressed spatial observations, and reconstructs the angular power spectrum of unknown interference sources via an additive quantization noise model (AQNM)-corrected nonnegative sparse covariance fitting problem solved by the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA). In the analog beamforming stage, using the reconstructed interference-plus-noise covariance, subarray analog combiners are optimized directly on the complex constant-modulus manifold via Riemannian gradient descent and mapped to discrete phase states, forming analog spatial nulls to reduce interference before quantization. In the digital combining stage, a diagonally loaded robust minimum variance distortionless response (R-MVDR) combiner is formulated directly on the quantized RF domain to suppress residual interference and tolerate covariance estimation errors. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed receiver improves output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) relative to the evaluated hybrid baselines, maintaining substantial performance advantages over conventional hybrid beamforming baselines across diverse interference powers, ADC bit depths (3-8 bits), coarse phase quantization (3-8 bits), reduced RF chain counts, and limited snapshot budgets.