Eye-tracked Maxwellian illumination system for power-efficient retinal stimulation

Augmented reality glasses typically have poor optical efficiency (< 1%), which is detrimental for high power applications, such as prosthetic vision. Maxwellian view optics are a candidate for increasing efficiency, but suffer from a very limited exit pupil and thus field of view. Many approaches to extend the eyebox inherently decrease the optical power. We present a design that uses a high-density VCSEL array and eye tracking to create an extended eyebox without sacrificing the advantages of a Maxwellian view display. Our system achieves a 20 degree field of view, a resolution 48.8 LP/mm (10 µm), and an end-to-end optical efficiency of 83%.