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Exploring Fistula Development in Gynaecologic Malignancies: Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment Advances
Ratri Wulandari1, Devina Yudistiarta2, Nurida Khasanah3
1Division of Gynaecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia. ratri.wulandari@ugm.ac.id.
Introduction And Hypothesis:
Fistulas related to gynaecological cancer may develop as a result of direct tumour invasion or as complications of treatment, including surgery and radiotherapy. These conditions are serious and can significantly affect patients' quality of life. This paper aims to review the aetiology, diagnostic approaches and management strategies for pelvic fistulas associated with gynaecological malignancies.
Methods:
This article synthesises current evidence and clinical experience regarding the causes, diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic options for fistulas occurring in the context of gynaecological cancer. Emphasis is placed on comprehensive evaluation of the nature, location, course and complexity of a fistula to establish the appropriate diagnosis and management.
Results:
Fistulas in gynaecological malignancies present diverse aetiologies and clinical courses. Diagnostic evaluation requires careful imaging and clinical examination to determine the extent and complexity. Management strategies range from conservative approaches to surgical intervention, depending on individual patient characteristics, fistula type and disease status.
Conclusion:
Pelvic fistulas associated with gynaecological cancer represent a challenging clinical entity. Accurate diagnosis and personalised management are essential to optimise patient outcomes and improve quality of life.
