Design of a high-precision fiber-optic sensor based on Tamm plasmon polaritons

The application of optical fiber sensing structures based on plasmon regulation is hindered in high-precision detection scenarios by issues such as broad spectral full width at half maximum (FWHM), high energy loss, and intricate structural configurations. In this paper, an optical fiber sensing structure based on a Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) coupling mode is proposed. The proposed design achieves a reflection spectral FWHM of only 2.51 nm and a figure of merit (FOM) of 86.56 RIU^-1. For spectral curve demodulation, a hybrid approach combining a residual architecture with the least squares method is employed, yielding a mean absolute error (MAE) as low as 9.947 × 10^-8, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of the existing methods. The sensing scheme can effectively compensate for the temperature disturbance, satisfy the demands for high integration, and open new avenues for the development of high-performance intelligent sensors.