Microneedle-based technology for treating hair loss disorders - an emerging trend for managing alopecia

Hair loss or alopecia is a universal problem faced by both men and women around the world. An individual's self-esteem is affected by alopecia, and it may lead to psychological stress and anxiety. Topical minoxidil, oral finasteride, and hair transplantation are the common procedures for treating alopecia. But these approaches are associated with various challenges due to high cost, poor patient compliance, and undesired side effects, thereby demanding new strategies for treating alopecia. Identifying novel approaches to treat alopecia has long been a major concern of dermatological research. Recently, microneedles (MNs) have received enormous attention in the field of transdermal drug delivery due to their biocompatible, noninvasive, and painless approach. They are micron-sized needles that have received huge attention in hair loss treatment. MNs can improve the efficiency of drugs as they can puncture the stratum corneum and release the therapeutic molecules at the site of action. This review highlights the potential use of MN-based therapies in treating alopecia. The various phases of hair growth, types of alopecia, and the role of MNs in promoting hair growth are discussed.