Converging Focused Ultrasound and Liquid Biopsy for Glioma Management: Next Steps

Gliomas represent one of the most formidable challenges in oncology due to their diffuse infiltrative growth in the brain, marked molecular heterogeneity, immune evasion, and the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which collectively undermine effective therapy. This review examines the rationale, current evidence, and translational hurdles for integrating focused ultrasound (FUS)-mediated BBB opening and liquid biopsy strategies in gliomas. In this context, FUS may serve as both a therapeutic adjunct and a tool to improve biomarker accessibility and imaging integration, while artificial intelligence-driven analytics synthesize complex datasets into actionable insights.