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Diagnostic interpretation of CFH expression in pan-cancer analyses: the importance of factor H-like 1 isoform
Simon J Clark1,2,3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. simon.clark@uni-tuebingen.de.
Abstract:
Recent pan-cancer analyses have identified Complement Factor H (CFH) expression as an immune-related and prognostic biomarker. However, interpretation of CFH transcriptional data requires consideration of isoform specificity. The CFH gene encodes both full-length factor H (FH) and the biologically active splice isoform factor H-like 1 (FHL-1), which differ in structure and tissue localization. Common transcriptional and knockdown approaches do not distinguish between these isoforms, potentially introducing biological heterogeneity into diagnostic and prognostic assessments. Isoform-resolved analyses may therefore enhance the specificity and clinical utility of CFH-based biomarkers in oncology.