Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 17, 2026
Effect of Change of Direction (COD) Movement on Plantar Pressure and Foot Balance in Bilateral Limbs
Published on: March 10, 2026
Methodological Framework for Multi-Cell Posturography Enabling Unconstrained Foot Placement and Open-Source Balance
Otto Hofstätter1,2, Thomas Bochdansky2, Anton Sabo2
1Engineering, Mathematics and Science Education, Mid Sweden University, SE-831 25 Östersund, Sweden.
Background/Objectives:
Computer-assisted posturography is utilized to quantify human postural control, yet existing dedicated systems frequently present physical constraints, such as limited sensing surfaces and rigid hardware barriers. In this study, a methodological framework is presented and a structural arrangement (OpenBalance) is designed to implement balance assessment accommodating a wider anthropometric range through zone-based foot placement using a decentralized load cell array, with preliminary implementation details provided in a repository.
Methods:
The configuration comprises an array of 16 discrete uniaxial vertical-force load cells embedded within four mechanically decoupled sub-platforms to minimize mechanical cross-talk. Biomechanical moment equations were implemented in a custom Python pipeline to compute a localized Center of Pressure (COP) for each sub-platform independently. A vector-based data fusion algorithm maps these local coordinates into a unified global coordinate system. The system evaluation incorporated baseline signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis, mechanical crosstalk testing, and digital low-pass filtering.
Results:
A proof-of-concept evaluation using empirical data confirmed that the cascading coordinate model produces a continuous global COP trajectory and quadrant-specific load distributions. The platform dimensions (355 × 460 mm) and sensor topography geometrically accommodate natural external foot rotation (incorporating a 10° toe-out angle projection) and foot lengths corresponding to EU shoe sizes up to 55. Mechanical crosstalk between adjacent sub-platforms remained minimal (<1% of applied load).
Conclusions:
The OpenBalance framework confirms the technical feasibility of deriving a continuous global COP from a decentralized array of distributed load cells. While baseline component specifications and static verifications are established, comprehensive dynamic cross-validation against reference standards remains a necessary next step for the future development of open hardware that can be produced using 3D printing.
