[Hamman Syndrome: A series of 5 cases]

Hamman's syndrome, or spontaneous pneumomediastinum, is an uncommon condition characterized by the presence of free air within the mediastinum in the absence of trauma or invasive procedures. We present a retrospective series of five patients treated at the British Hospital of Buenos Aires between 2018 and 2025. The mean age was 20 years, with a predominance of females (3/5). Four patients had a history of bronchial asthma and one reported concomitant marijuana use. The most common clinical manifestations were chest pain, dyspnea, and subcutaneous emphysema. The diagnosis was confirmed by chest computed tomography in all cases, with associated pneumorrhachis identified in two patients. Two patients required admission to the intensive care unit and supplemental oxygen therapy. All patients received conservative treatment and experienced a favorable outcome, without the need for invasive procedures or residual sequelae at discharge.