Poly(Allura Red AC)-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: Electropolymerization, Characterization, and Application in...

In this study, the electropolymerization, electrochemical characterization, and analytical applicability of a poly-(Allura Red AC)-modified glassy carbon electrode were systematically investigated. Electropolymerization parameters, including monomer concentration, buffer type, pH, and ionic strength, were optimized to obtain a stable and electroactive poly-(Allura Red AC) film. The resulting polymer film was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, surface coverage analysis, electroactive surface area determination, and pH-dependent electrochemical studies. The modified electrode exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of uric acid, enabling sensitive voltammetric determination. Under optimized conditions, the sensor showed a linear range of 0.2-40 μM and low detection limits of 7.64 nM and 6.47 nM by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, respectively. The developed methods were successfully applied to protein-free human serum samples, providing accurate recoveries and no prominent interfering peaks within the uric acid oxidation potential window. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the formation and electrochemical properties of poly-(Allura Red AC) films while demonstrating their applicability as an electrocatalytic sensing interface for sensitive uric acid determination in biological samples.