[Emerging research progress on Epstein-Barr virus-related clinical diseases]

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects over 95% of the global population and is closely associated with various tumor and non-tumor diseases. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of EBV related diseases. In terms of diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity of the new serum marker p85 total antibody in screening high-risk areas for nasopharyngeal carcinoma are significantly better than traditional antibody combination testing, and have been included in the consensus of clinical experts. In terms of treatment, antibody based B-cell depletion therapy (such as rituximab) can effectively prevent post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases and demonstrate good efficacy in treating progressive multiple sclerosis; Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown outstanding efficacy in EBV associated gastric cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has increased the long-term survival rate of chronic active EB virus disease to 55% to 65%, and has resulted in a 5-year overall survival rate of 48.7% for adult EBV related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. In terms of prevention, preventive vaccines targeting gp350 and gH/gL, as well as therapeutic mRNA vaccines targeting LMP2, have entered the clinical trial stage. The above progress provides new directions for precise diagnosis,treatment, and basic research of EBV related diseases.