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Updated: Oct 25, 2026
Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
[3D cephalometric assessment of aesthetic outcomes after comprehensive rehabilitation in patients with anhidrotic
A E Ponomarev1, S B Butsan1, Sh N Iigitaliev1
1Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
Objective:
To assess changes in sagittal and vertical parameters of the facial skeleton after comprehensive rehabilitation in patients with anhidrotic (hypohidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia using 3D cephalometric analysis, including subgroup analysis based on the presence or absence of an orthognathic surgery stage.
Material And Methods:
The study included 30 patients aged 17-40 (26 men, 4 women) with a genetically confirmed diagnosis. Comprehensive rehabilitation included bone grafting with parietal autografts, sinus lifting and orthognathic surgery when indicated (n=6: Le Fort I osteotomy in 2 patients, bimaxillary surgery in 4), dental implantation, and prosthetic treatment. Sagittal (ANB, Beta, APDI) and vertical (Ricketts angle, PVS, PVN) parameters of the facial skeleton were evaluated using MSCT before treatment and 6 months after the completion of the orthopedic stage.
Results:
Paired analysis of the full sample (n=30) revealed statistically significant improvement of all sagittal and vertical parameters after comprehensive rehabilitation: ANB angle increased from -3.10° to 0.71°, Beta angle decreased from 42.45° to 36.50°, APDI from 98.30° to 85.76°, and Ricketts angle increased from 35.65° to 39.20° (p<0.001 for all parameters). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that in patients without orthognathic surgery (n=24), significant improvement of all parameters was achieved through restoration of alveolar support and occlusal vertical dimension alone (p<0.001). In patients with orthognathic surgery (n=6), baseline deformities were more severe and the magnitude of ANB and APDI correction was significantly greater (ΔANB: p=0.010; ΔAPDI: p=0.013).
Conclusion:
Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with anhidrotic (hypohidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia provides statistically significant harmonization of sagittal and vertical facial skeletal parameters. In the majority of patients, significant improvement of cephalometric indices is achievable without orthognathic surgery. 3D cephalometric analysis based on MSCT data is an objective tool for evaluating treatment outcomes in this patient group.
