Cross-Sectional Videodermoscopy as a Practical Diagnostic Tool for Uncombable Hair Syndrome: A Scanning Electron...

Uncombable hair syndrome (UHS) is a rare hair shaft dysplasia. While diagnosis traditionally relies on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), its accessibility is limited. Building on recent descriptions of cross-sectional videodermoscopy, we highlight the direct correlation between these in vivo optical findings and the ultrastructural features seen on SEM.

A 3-year-old girl presented with unruly, lusterless, and rough-textured hair since early infancy. Conventional trichoscopy and light microscopy showed suggestive but nonspecific findings. To achieve a more definitive visualization, cross-sectional videodermoscopy was performed, revealing striking and pathognomonic triangular hair shaft profiles. These findings were subsequently confirmed by SEM. Following diagnosis, a targeted hair care regimen was initiated. At the 3-month follow-up, there was a significant improvement in hair manageability, which positively impacted the patient's self-acceptance and emotional well-being.

Cross-sectional videodermoscopy is a highly effective, noninvasive tool for in vivo diagnosis of UHS, showing high consistency with SEM findings. Furthermore, implementing specific cosmetic supportive care is essential to improve the quality of life in pediatric patients with hair shaft dysplasias.