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Intensive Care Unit Delirium in Critically Ill Adults: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Management
Emily Ahrens1, Pratik P Pandharipande1, Makayla L Cordoza2
1Division of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Abstract:
Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium affects up to 80% of critically ill adults and is associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and long-term cognitive decline. Despite strong evidence supporting strategies for delirium management, adherence to best practices is inconsistent, and traditional practices often override their implementation. This clinical review highlights opportunities for deimplementation of outdated practices and adoption of evidence-based strategies to detect, prevent, and manage ICU delirium. Emphasis is placed on validated screening tools, light sedation practices, sleep promotion, and multicomponent care bundles. Empowering nurses with knowledge, autonomy, and interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to improving delirium-related outcomes.
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