Endometrial Biopsies in Patients with Infertility: An Update for Pathologists
Vinita Parkash1, Na Niu2, Lubna Pal3
1Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Health Policy, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Abstract:
Pathological evaluation of endometrial biopsies has been a clinically relevant tool in the management of patients with unexplained infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. In this article, we provide a practical, morphology-based framework for the interpretation of endometrial biopsies in this population. Chronic endometritis (CE) has attracted the most clinical and investigative attention in recent years. The evolving clinical picture and histological criteria for CE and the significant unresolved questions surrounding diagnostic thresholds are discussed.

