Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport and its Implications for the Foot and Ankle Surgeon

Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) is a syndrome caused by low energy availability that affects multiple physiologic systems in both male and female athletes. Stress fractures of the foot and ankle are often the first signs of RED-S; therefore, it is crucial that orthopedic surgeons are aware of and able to identify this disorder. This article focuses on RED-S and provides a framework for understanding the disorder, it's relevancy to the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon, and offers suggestions for diagnostic strategies and treatment approaches that are imperative for safe return to play.