Papaver self-incompatibility is controlled by two multiallelic idiomorphs
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Updated: Oct 31, 2026

Determination of Self- and Inter-(in)compatibility Relationships in Apricot Combining Hand-Pollination, Microscopy and Genetic Analyses
Published on: June 16, 2020
Abstract:
Self-incompatibility (SI) prevents self-fertilization through highly polymorphic genetic recognition at the S locus with multiple alleles. In Papaver rhoeas, the S determinants were previously identified as PrpS and PrsS. However, we found that PrpS-PrsS was absent in many S haplotypes. In this work, we report the identification of an alternative pair of polymorphic S genes, S locus oligopeptide transporter (SOPT) and S locus glycine-rich protein (SGRP), segregating at the S locus when PrpS-PrsS is absent. SOPT and SGRP display hallmark S determinant features and confer SI when heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, instead of having allelomorphs with homologous variants, the Papaver SI system is determined by two multiallelic idiomorphs sharing no obvious common ancestry. This discovery of a dual-idiomorph system reveals a distinct genetic basis for polymorphism, with implications for the evolution of allorecognition mechanisms.
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