Ultrasound cycloplasty: dynamic efficacy and long-term safety in glaucoma patients from northwest China

To comprehensively evaluate the dynamic efficacy of UCP in treating different types of glaucoma patients in Northwest China, systematically analyze treatment outcome variations across follow-up time points, and assess long-term safety profiles.

In a 1-year follow-up study, 24 patients (30 eyes) with various types of glaucoma were enrolled and underwent UCP treatment (10 sectors or 8 sectors). Follow-up visits were conducted at different postoperative time points (1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year). Follow-up assessments consisted of IOP measurements, IOP reduction from baseline, surgical success rate, 24-hour IOP fluctuation, pain score improvement, and complications. Furthermore, the correlation between IOP at the final follow-up and baseline IOP was evaluated.

1. The overall IOP in all patients significantly decreased after UCP compared to preoperative levels (P < 0.01). 2. UCP demonstrated significant long-term IOP-lowering effects in patients with various types of glaucoma, with a 59.91% reduction at 1 year postoperatively. The efficacy was particularly notable in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma, achieving a surgical success rate of 96.67% at 1 year. 3. Preoperative baseline IOP showed a positive correlation with IOP reduction at 1 year postoperatively (r _s = 0.641, P < 0.01), indicating that higher baseline IOP was associated with greater IOP reduction. 4. UCP significantly improved IOP fluctuation, with the mean 24-hour IOP fluctuation decreasing from 10.6 preoperatively to 5.3 postoperatively (P = 0.001). 5. UCP exhibited acceptable safety, with significant reductions in pain scores (P < 0.05) and no severe complications such as hypotony or macular edema observed during follow-up.

1. In glaucoma patients in the Northwest population, UCP demonstrates significant long-term and dynamic efficacy-the higher the baseline IOP, the more pronounced the IOP-lowering effect, with outstanding performance in stabilizing IOP fluctuations. 2. UCP exhibits acceptable safety and controllable complications. Postoperative IOP stabilizes by 3 months, allowing for gradual withdrawal of medications, making it a reliable treatment option for glaucoma.